The credit of its creation is mostly due to prominent scientist, the President of the USSR Academy of Sciences, academician A.N. Nesmeyanov (1899–1980), who has founded the modern chemistry of organoelement compounds. He headed the Institute for 26 years. His successors as directors of the Institute were Members of the Academy of Sciences A.V. Fokin who headed INEOS in 1980 to 1988, and M.E. Vol’pin (1989-1996). Since 1996 Professor Yu.N.Bubnov, Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), has been in charge of the Institute.